Process of mixing dough.



F'PLIGATMN FILLED AUG. 16, 1906.

3 SHEET8-SHEET 1.

No. 852,49?. PATENTED MAY 7, 190'?.

C'. CHAMBERS, JR, PROCESS 'MIXNG BOUGE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 15:1906,

s sHBETssBEm 2.

No. 852,497. PATENTBD MAY '7, 1907.

a CHAMBERS, JR. PROESS 0F MIXING DUGH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 16, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3A /aa a PROCESS GF Fi'llKlN-G @@Mtrh Specification of Lettoi Fat/aat.

Patented May '7, 150i.

Application tiled Augustl(` .190(i1 Serial No. 330,803.

To rif/Z Hill/0111, if lim/y mmc/frm;

Be it known that I, Crans CnxMBiins, Jr., a citizen oli' the United States, residingr at Overbrook, in the county of Montgonier)Y and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a. nen' and useful Prot-ess ot' Mixing Dough., nl' which the following is a4 speeitieation.

My invention reiates to improvemt nts in process ot'l tnixintr dough.

The object ot this invention is to provide a. proeess or method whereb;V a thorough :nifl eI'iit-ient mixture otl the tlour and liquid is so eured bet'ore the developinet'tt ot' the gluten n the tgltJur.

My invention comprises the prot-ess whereb the entire charge of tlour ard liquid are thoroughly admixed before a portion ot the tlour has absorbed the moisture and beeoine Viseous't-.nd thereby eeases to readily satfu'rte or moisteu more tlonry The time ret uired to eompleteljt' tix tte tlom and liquid to t'orm the doug'l, l have diseovered to be approximately otre minute, that is to say, I have tound that the best results are seeured bi.' nr prot-ess by eotnpleting' said operation in one mit ute trom tue time el' starting the mixing.

B5' sitting' the tlour into tl.e liqttid in gradually deereasin;r quantitie. as the mixture beeome-- stitl'er. a more tlrirough perineation ot the partit-les olI tlour b y the moist ure taltes p htee as the mass beeonies less' tlnid. 'the power required to iuix the llo-ur and moisture in aeeordanee nith in) proeess is mut'h less than that required .dier the development nl'Il the ,gluten when the dough beeonies tena eious.

'llte process n'a't' be earried out in praetiee by a niaehine f-ueh as illustrated in the ae eompaitving drawings, in hielt lligure l is a iront elevation, Fig', 2 is a side elevation. lig'. Il is a plan ie-.i \\itli the sitter and air ehamber rtnioved. big. t is a Yet'tieztl eross-set-t itin ot' t lie inaihine` n it h the sitte and air ehamber elevated and the mix ing basin lowered into the dough tr=t rient-d trom the driven end et'the niarhine.

Similar munt-rais reter to similar throughout. the sever-d views.

'lhe sitter hopp -r 5 is delai-habit eetn'ed on top ottht` ai; 'hamber ti, n hielt superinn poses the mixing' basin T. 'the sitter hopi'e." is' provided Vith .sitter Md N, earried by thtl folie it. having their ends` tt) loosel)y seated in slotsI protidod in roelt shalt. l t.

t, is to be noted that the perforated bot.-

parts ,thinnest toni ol the sitter hopper 5 is substantiall)Y vsemi-eirentar in t'ermation, extendingl approximatetv troni tite topmiarjjin on one side et the hopper to the top margin on the other side ot' the' hopper. lt is also to be noted that journal bearings on the roelt shat't- 1l are above .said top margin otl the hopper.

'lhe sitter rod N has a travel substantially over the entire bottom oll the hopper. lt `will thus beset-n that when the hopper is t'ull oty tlour a greater amount otl tlour will be' toreed bt' the sitter rod through the pert'orated bottom, and, as the tlour beeomes lower :md lower in the hopper, a less amount will be tnreed theret'rom by eaeh subsequent reeiproeation el the rod. until the entire t-harjge is delivered.

.lournaled in the stationantY framework l2 oi ni dei'ire are the tno pairs oi spiders t3 and t4, `aeh pair provided with the spirallt t'ormed mixing rods t5 and lt. These spiders` and their mixing rods are so tormed and assembled't hat one pair of rods will eross the travel ot the other pair. 'lltese mixing,T reds operate in the mixingr basin 7 tivo thoroughly eoniminsfle, alg'itate and work the tlour and liquid aud the resultantdough.

lt is to be observed that tilie.tlare of the basin lgives it a reeei\'in ir eapaeit;Y equal to the disehatjge area ot' the sitting hopper. and that the intermediate air ehamber ti is pro vided with rertieallr extendingi walls oi substantiall)Y the same dimension, so that'y the tlour as sitted troni 'the hopper at its greatest diseharjge eapaeiijr will tali straight to the basin. lt will thus he seen that when the sitter hopper is t'ull the tirst stroke ot the sitter rod rauses the greatest quantity oti tlour to be dist'hargjed trom the sitter to the liquid. rl`he liquid in the basin being in its eondition is able to moisten the maximum quaiititr oll tlour. .'\s the mixingr iod-` rotate, and the tlour and liquid betzome eommin'lled, the mixture graduali)Y begins to stiften and is eapable otx reeeiving and nroistenintf a eonstantljiv deereasing amount oty tlour, 'lo meet 'teh eondition the at:- tion otI the sitter, as above explained, del'i\ ersa etuzrespondingli eonstantlydeereasing amount ot lour, so that the said tlA 'u' and moisture are brought togetlur in the manner .lane deseribed to seture the most thorough an'l eoniplete admixture ot' the uitte.

lhave l'ound that bt' the proees-s abone deseribed that. the stareh granules have been so intiniately mixed and intorporated nith tht.l

IOO

f granules obtained from an average of twelve and kneading said sifte water, milk and yeast, or other constituents of the liquid, that at the high temperature of fbaking each granule has been completely ge- 'latinized and partially converted by a socalled breaking up, bursting or rupture of the exterior wall or starch cellulose by which process the interior contents or starch-granulose is dissolved or taken up by the water With which the flour has been originally incorporated. A

By this process flour-clots and so-calledI water-stripes, which are so commonly 'found in bread made by other methods, are entirely eliminated. This is additional proof that an intimate mixture of the ingredients of the dough has beenl -e'ected By chemical examination it has been found that in bread made by my process there has been practically a complete gelatinization and partial conversion of the starch. The percentage of unbursted or unchanged starch slides of bread made by my process being less than one per cent; in a great many of the slides, unbursted starch A to be entirely absent.

What I claim is :t

l. The process of mixing dough which consists in sifting the flour into the liquid in such a Waythat the mixing may be completed beF fore the dissolving or the development'of the' gluten. r` y 2. The process of mixing dough which con. sists in sifting the flour into the liquid in gradually diminishing uantities and mixing flour Withv the liquid during said operation'. t

granules were found 3. The process of mixing dough, Whicli consists in sifting the flour into, the li -uid and stirring or mixing said flour and li uid 'as the flour is being sifted, the sifting o .the Hour being rapid at first and then gradually dimin` ishing. v

4.' The process of mixing dough, which consists in mixing iiour and liquid together,

liquid as the same are brought together and until after all the flour has been`delivered to the liquid. v l

6. The process of mixing dough, which consists in delivering ilourinto liquid at a gradually decreasing rate of discharge, and

mixing said llour and liquid, the delivery of s aid flour to said liquid being all accom'- plished in a space of time insufiicient for thel development of the gluten.

7. The processof mixing dough, which consists in delivering flour into liquid at a,

gradually decreasing` rate of discharge, and

mixing said flour and li uid as `.the flour is being discharged, the who e operation being` accomplished Within the space of approximately one minute.

cYRUs "icHAMRs, Jn.

Witnesses:

LULU D. HAUBERT, MARY P. CHAMBERS. 

